BIN: 402312

The first 6 digit of a card is known as BIN Number. BIN stands for Bank Identification Number. It's a 6 digit code which identifies the financial institution that issued the Card to the card holder. It also referred as IIN (Issuer Identification Number). BIN can be used to identify issuing financial institution of a Credit Card, Debit Card, Prepaid Card and rewards Card.

As per ISO/IEC 7812, the length of Credit & Debit Card number can be upto 19 digits.

P - Major Industry Identifier
Q - Issuing Financial Institution identifier
R - Account Identifier up to 12 digits
S - Checksum to validate Card Number
Where PQQQQQ combined are known as BIN number or IIN code.